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Clinical Summary

Impaired lung function is detectable even in prediabetes

Takeaway

  • Among people with prediabetes, lung function can already be impaired, according to findings from this cross-sectional study.

Why this matters

  • Evidence is mounting that diabetes adversely affects the lung.
  • Lower FEV1 has been linked to higher mortality in the general population and in those with type 2 diabetes.
  • In 2011-2012, 38.0% of the US general population was prediabetic.

Key results

  • FVC:
    • 93% with prediabetes (interquartile range [IQR], 82%-105%) vs 
    • 96% without (IQR, 84%-106%; P<.001).
  • FEV1:
    • 94% with prediabetes (IQR, 82%-107%) vs 
    • 96% without (IQR, 84%-108%); P=.009.
  • Restrictive spirometry pattern in:
    • 16.5% with prediabetes vs
    • 13.7% without (P=.013).
  • FEV1 <80% in:
    • 20.3% with prediabetes vs
    • 17.3% without (P=.017).
  • On multivariate analysis, higher HbA1c correlated with:
    • Restrictive spirometry: OR, 1.42 (95% CI, 1.10-1.83; P=.008); and
    • FEV1 <80%: OR, 1.50 (95% CI, 1.19-1.90; P=.001).

Study design

  • Analysis of respiratory function, prediabetes parameters in middle-aged participants in the cross-sectional ILERVAS study (n=4459).
  • No participant had diagnosis of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or COPD.
  • Outcome: associations between prediabetes and pulmonary function.
  • Funding: Lleida Provincial Council, Autonomous Government of Catalonia.

Limitations

  • Patients were Spaniards; results might not generalize to other populations.
  • Causal relationship not established.

References


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