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Incretin-based antidiabetic drugs do not increase the risk for lung cancer

New research suggests that use of incretin-based drugs, including dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, does not increase the risk for lung cancer in individuals with type 2 diabetes in the first decade of use.

Researchers conducted a population-based cohort study that included 130,340 individuals receiving a first-ever prescription for an antidiabetic medication, identified from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

In patients with type 2 diabetes, DPP4 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists were not associated with an increased risk for lung cancer (adjusted HR [aHR], 1.07; 95% CI, 0.87-1.32 and aHR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.68-1.54, respectively) compared with second- or third-line drugs. Furthermore, no individual molecule in both drug classes was associated with an increased risk for lung cancer. The association also remained non-significant in subgroups of individuals with long-term use and smoking history.

Writing in the journal Diabetic Medicine, the authors commented: "These findings provide additional drug safety information to clinicians and patients regarding this potential association among individuals with type 2 diabetes."


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