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Clinical Summary

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have high prevalence of cardiovascular disease

Takeaway

  • This study found a high prevalence of established cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with a third of those with diabetes having had prior CVD.
  • In both those with and those without a history of CVD there remain high levels of unmet need with regard to risk factor control

Why this matters

  • Finding point towards considerable scope for further reduction in CVD risk associated with diabetes through adherence to healthy lifestyles and use of drugs and control of known risk factors, including but not restricted to HbA1c.

Study design

  • Study used data from the national registry in Scotland, Scottish Care Information-Diabetes, linked to hospital admissions and included 248,400 patients with T2DM (median age of 67.5 years and median diabetes duration of 7.8 years).
  • Funding:  Novo Nordisk A/S.

Key results

  • 32% of patients with T2DM had established CVD (29% in women and 35% in men).
  • Median HbA1c overall was 55 mmol/mol (7.2%); median systolic BP (SBP): 132 mmHg; diastolic BP (DBP): 76 mmHg; median total cholesterol: 4.1 mmol/L; and mean BMI: 31.1 kg/m2.
  • 65% of men and 68% of women with T2DM have 2 or more of the following CVD risk factor thresholds: HbA1c ≥53 mmol/mol, systolic BP >130 mmHg or diastolic BP >80 mmHg, total cholesterol ≥5 mmol/L or BMI ≥30 kg/m2, or were currently smoking.
  • Overall, 57.5% were receiving metformin and sulphonylurea use was at 26.3%. 83.6% were currently on anti-hypertensives and 75.2% were prescribed a statin.

Limitations

  • Some risk factors data were unavailable.

References


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