Takeaway
- In insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), a combination of elevated albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) levels and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is independently associated with an increased risk for all-cause mortality.
Why this matters
- Findings may provide useful information to identify and prognosticate high-risk patients with T2D who are on insulin therapy to receive an additional cardiovascular (CV) risk management strategy.
Study design
- 18,227 insulin-treated patients with T2D were categorised into 4 treatment groups:
- Group 1 (low eGFR [<60 mLs/min/1.73 m2] + high ACR [≥300 mg/g]).
- Group 2 (low eGFR [<60 mLs/min/1.73 m2] + low ACR [<300 mg/g]).
- Group 3 (high eGFR [≥60 mLs/min/1.73 m2] + high ACR [≥300 mg/g]).
- Group 4 (high eGFR [≥60 mLs/min/1.73 m2] + low ACR [<300 mg/g]).
- Primary endpoint: all-cause mortality.
- Secondary endpoints: risks for CV events (non-fatal stroke and myocardial infarction [MI]) and 3-point composite major adverse CV events (MACEs; all-cause mortality, non-fatal MI and stroke).
- Funding: None disclosed.
Key results
- After a follow-up of 5 years, compared with Group 1, risk for all-cause mortality was lower in:
- Group 2 (adjusted HR [aHR], 0.94; P=.515).
- Group 3 (aHR, 0.80; P=.013).
- Group 4 (aHR, 0.72; P=.001).
- Compared with Group 1, risk for CV events was lower in:
- Group 2 (aHR, 0.93; P=.486).
- Groups 3 (aHR, 0.60) and 4 (aHR, 0.54; for both P<.001).
- Compared with Group 1, risk for composite MACEs was lower in:
- Group 2 (aHR, 0.93; P=.319).
- Group 3 (aHR, 0.82; P=.002).
- Group 4 (aHR, 0.73; P<.001).
Limitations
- Retrospective design.
References
References