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Clinical Summary

Updated 2018 guidelines for management of diabetes emphasise dietary management

Takeaway

  • These updated 2018 nutrition guideline recommendations mostly focus on dietary management for prevention and management of diabetes in adults (age, ≥18 years) in the United Kingdom (UK).

Study design

  • Expert panel of specialized dieticians appointed by Diabetes UK, evaluated related research and recent evidences to update the existing 2011 guidelines for diabetes management and prevention.
  • Funding: None disclosed.

Key recommendations

  • Nutrition management is strongly recommended preferably by a registered dietician for patients with diabetes, specifically those at risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • Patients at high-risk for T2DM should aim for at least 5% weight loss.
  • Lifestyle interventions include restricted dietary fat and energy intake, increased fibre intake and increased physical activity. Mediterranean diet is recommended in general population.
  • Improved glycaemic control by adjusting insulin to carbohydrate intake, healthy eating pattern and 150 minutes/week of moderate to vigorous physical activity for at least 3 days is strongly recommended.
  • For cardiovascular disease risk reduction, decreased salt intake, 2 portions of oily fish each week, more of fruits, vegetables, fish, pulses and less of red/processed meat, sweetened beverages and refined carbohydrates are recommended.
  • Offering education particularly for dietary intervention to patients with diabetes including older people is strongly recommended.
  • Adherence to gluten-free diet is highly recommended for patients with diabetes and coeliac disease.
  • Micronutrient supplementation is not recommended for management/prevention of diabetes.

References


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